有時候空間的發展，也不完全是指真正的地理空間，可能指的是一個組織

那麼這種的介紹也算是一種空間發展的寫作

 

讓我看一下這段範例文章

 

If the [1960s] taught us all about the inadequacies of the old mainstream without solving them, the decade did send people marching to a new tune and, most of all, to a new beat. It became fashionable again to be different, to be distinct, ethnically, socially, and personally. We sang not about love and marriage, paper dolls, kissing at the garden gate, and the girl next door, but about society's child, LSD and drugs, and how I'd love to turn you on. The unvarnished brutality and overt sexuality of Elvis Presley and the hipsterism of the fifties was tamed. Margaret Mead calls ours a prefigurative culture in which the children are natives and the adults immigrants. The beat of rock made Glenn Miller and Lawrence Welk sound pallid, and its message rebuked the plastic world even more effectively than the official social critics. ("We gave her everything money could buy," goes the voice."Fun money can't buy, "comes the response. Shes leaving home after living alone. "

 

摘自 "The Beatles and Their Beat, Peter Schrag, The Decline of the WASP

 

通常我們的在一個段落的開始就會把 controlling idea 點出來

但是隨著段落的進行，讀者可能會忘記一開始的主題是什麼

所以在段落中反覆強調這個主題也是一種寫作的技巧

 

例如在上面的文章中，一開始主句的 beat 跟後半段的 beat 都有在呼應主題

美國劇作家 Eugene O'Neill 說過，每當他想要與讀者溝通一個概念時

他都要設定三個階段：

1. 告訴讀者你即將要做什麼

2. 做給他看

3. 告訴讀者你剛剛做了什麼

 

其實不論是在寫一個段落，或是一個長篇作品，主題的反覆溝通都是必須的

不過，大家都還要反覆練習，因為「再三強調」與「枯燥重複」最後寫出來的效果可是天差地遠喔！